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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics studies the connection between language and context. It deals with questions such as: What do people mean by the words they use?<br><br>It's a philosophy that focuses on the practical and sensible actions. It contrasts with idealism which is the belief that one should adhere to their beliefs no matter what.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of ways that language users get meaning from and with each one another. It is often viewed as a part of language however it differs from semantics in the sense that pragmatics examines what the user intends to convey, not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a field of research, pragmatics is relatively young and its research has grown rapidly in the last few decades. It has been mostly an academic field of study within linguistics but it also influences research in other fields like speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics and anthropology.<br><br>There are many different perspectives on pragmatics that have contributed to its development and growth. One perspective is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which is based primarily on the notion of intention and their interaction with the speaker's knowledge about the listener's understanding. Other perspectives on pragmatics include the conceptual and lexical approaches to pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the diversity of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have studied.<br><br>The research in pragmatics has covered a broad variety of topics, including pragmatic comprehension in L2 and demand production by EFL students, as well as the significance of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It has been applied to cultural and social phenomena such as political discourse, discriminatory speech and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers have also used a variety of methodologies, from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics is different by database, as shown in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are among the top researchers in pragmatics research, yet their ranking varies by database. This difference is due to the fact that pragmatics is an interconnected field that is inextricably linked with other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to rank the top authors of pragmatics based on their publications only. However, it is possible to identify the most influential authors by examining their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For example, Bambini's contribution to pragmatics is a pioneering concept such as conversational implicature, and politeness theory. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also highly influential authors of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is more concerned with the contexts and users of language than it is with truth grammar, reference, or. It focuses on how one word can be understood in different ways in different contexts. This includes ambiguity and indexicality. It also focuses primarily on the strategies used by listeners to determine which words have a meaning that is communicative. It is closely connected to the theory of conversative implicature which was first developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is a well-known and established one however, there is a lot of controversy regarding the exact boundaries of these fields. For instance philosophers have suggested that the concept of sentence's meaning is a part of semantics, while others have claimed that this sort of thing should be viewed as a pragmatic issue.<br><br>Another issue that has been a source of contention is whether the study of pragmatics is to be a linguistics branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an autonomous discipline and should be considered a part of linguistics, along with the study of phonology. Syntax, semantics, etc. Others have argued that the study of pragmatics is an aspect of philosophy of language because it deals with the ways that our beliefs about the meaning and use of language affect our theories of how languages work.<br><br>The debate has been fuelled by a handful of questions that are essential to the study of pragmatics. For example, some scholars have claimed that pragmatics isn't an academic discipline in its own right because it studies the ways that people interpret and use language without necessarily being able to provide any information about what actually gets said. This type of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Other scholars, however, have argued that this study should be considered a field in its own right, since it examines the way the meaning and use of language is dependent on cultural and social factors. This is known as near-side pragmatics.<br><br>The pragmatics field also discusses the inferential nature of utterances and the importance of the primary pragmatic processes in determining the meaning of what a speaker is expressing in the sentence. Recanati and Bach examine these issues in more detail. Both papers deal with the notions of saturation as well as free pragmatic enrichment. Both are significant pragmatic processes in the sense that they help to shape the overall meaning of a statement.<br><br>What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of how context contributes to linguistic meaning. It analyzes how human language is utilized in social interaction, and the relationship between the interpreter and the speaker. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians.<br><br>Over the years, many theories of pragmatism have been developed. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, focus on the intention of communication of the speaker. Others, like Relevance Theory are focused on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by hearers. Some approaches to pragmatics have been merged with other disciplines, including cognitive science and philosophy.<br><br>There are also a variety of views about the line between semantics and pragmatics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and pragmatism are two distinct topics. He asserts semantics concerns the relationship of signs to objects they could or might not denote whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in the context.<br><br>Other philosophers, such as Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatics is a subfield of semantics. They distinguish between 'near-side' and 'far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concerns what is said, [http://tawassol.univ-tebessa.dz/index.php?qa=user&qa_1=drawerknife82 무료슬롯 프라그마틱] whereas far-side focuses on the logic implications of saying something. They claim that semantics determines certain aspects of the meaning of an expression, whereas other pragmatics is determined by the pragmatic processes.<br><br>The context is among the most important aspects in pragmatics. This means that a single word could have different meanings based on factors such as ambiguity or indexicality. Other things that can change the meaning of an utterance are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, as well as expectations of the listener.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culture-specific. It is because each culture has its own rules for what is appropriate in different situations. In certain cultures, it's acceptable to look at each other. In other cultures, it's rude.<br><br>There are numerous perspectives on pragmatics and lots of research is being conducted in this field. The main areas of research are formal and computational pragmatics theoretic and experimental pragmatics; cross-cultural and intercultural pragmatics; and clinical and experimental pragmatics.<br><br>What is the relationship between free Pragmatics and to explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics,  [https://bookmarking.win/story.php?title=lets-get-it-out-of-the-way-15-things-about-pragmatic-product-authentication-were-sick-of-hearing 프라그마틱 무료스핀] [https://www.xuetu123.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=9669693 프라그마틱 불법] ([http://delphi.larsbo.org/user/lineshirt3 find out here]) a linguistic field, is concerned with how meaning is conveyed by the use of language in context. It evaluates how the speaker's intentions and beliefs affect the interpretation, focusing less on the grammatical aspects of the speech rather than what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians. The topic of pragmatics has a link to other areas of study of linguistics like syntax and semantics or philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent times the field of pragmatics has evolved in a variety of directions. This includes computational linguistics and conversational pragmatics. There is a wide range of research in these areas, which address issues such as the significance of lexical elements and the interaction between discourse and language, and the nature of meaning itself.<br><br>One of the most important issues in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether it is possible to develop an exhaustive, systematic view of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have suggested that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued the distinction between pragmatics and semantics isn't well-defined and that they are the identical.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to go back and forth between these two perspectives and argue that certain events fall under either pragmatics or semantics. For instance some scholars believe that if an utterance has an actual truth-conditional meaning, then it is semantics, whereas others argue that the fact that an expression may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in the field of pragmatics have taken a different view in arguing that the truth-conditional meaning a utterance has is only one of many ways that the utterance may be interpreted, and that all of these interpretations are valid. This is commonly known as far-side pragmatics.<br><br>Recent research in pragmatics has sought to combine semantic and far side methods. It tries to capture the full range of interpretive possibilities that can be derived from a speaker's words, [https://speedgh.com/index.php?page=user&action=pub_profile&id=1608482 프라그마틱 데모] 무료체험 메타 [[https://bookmarking.win/story.php?title=the-next-big-thing-in-the-pragmatic-recommendations-industry Larsbo published a blog post]] by modeling the way in which the speaker's beliefs and intentions contribute to the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine the Gricean game theory model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological advances from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts listeners will entertain many possible exhausted parses of a utterance that contains the universal FCI Any, and that is why the exclusiveness implicature is so reliable compared to other plausible implications.
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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses questions like: What do people mean by the words they use?<br><br>It's a philosophy that is focused on the practical and sensible actions. It differs from idealism which is the belief that one should stick to their beliefs regardless of what.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the ways that people who speak get meaning from and with each with each other. It is typically thought of as a part of the language however it differs from semantics in that pragmatics examines what the user intends to convey, [https://pragmatickr90987.blogginaway.com/30414020/10-quick-tips-about-how-to-check-the-authenticity-of-pragmatic 프라그마틱 카지노] 플레이 ([https://bookmarkja.com/story19779063/what-do-you-need-to-know-to-be-all-set-for-pragmatic blog post from bookmarkja.com]) not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research area,  [https://pragmatickr01110.blogmazing.com/29369927/20-myths-about-live-casino-debunked 프라그마틱 정품인증] pragmatics is relatively young and its research has expanded rapidly over the last few decades. It is primarily an academic area of study within linguistics but it also has an impact on research in other fields, such as speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics, and anthropology.<br><br>There are a variety of ways to approach pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this field. One example is the Gricean approach to pragmatics which is focused on the concept of intention and how it interacts with the speaker's knowledge of the listener's understanding. Conceptual and lexical perspectives on pragmatics are also perspectives on the topic. These views have contributed to the diversity of topics that researchers in pragmatics have investigated.<br><br>The research in pragmatics has covered a vast variety of topics, including pragmatic understanding in L2 and request production by EFL students, and the role of the theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It can also be applied to social and cultural phenomena, like political discourse, discriminatory language and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers also have employed various methods from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C illustrates that the size of the knowledge base on pragmatics is different according to the database utilized. The US and the UK are among the top contributors to pragmatics research, however their positions differ based on the database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is a multidisciplinary field that intersects with other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to classify the top pragmatics authors according to their number of publications alone. It is possible to identify influential authors based on their contributions to the field of pragmatics. Bambini is one example. He has contributed to pragmatics with concepts like politeness and conversational implicititure theories. Other highly influential authors in the field of pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is more concerned with the contexts and users of language as opposed to the study of truth or reference, or grammar. It studies the ways in which one phrase can be understood as meaning various things depending on the context as well as those triggered by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses primarily on the strategies used by listeners to determine whether phrases have a message. It is closely related to the theory of conversative implicature, which was first developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>The boundaries between these two disciplines is a matter of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is widely known, it isn't always clear where the lines should be drawn. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the concept of sentence's meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have claimed that this sort of thing should be considered as a pragmatic problem.<br><br>Another area of debate is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be treated as part of linguistics along with the study of phonology. Syntax, semantics, etc. Others, however, have suggested that the study of pragmatics is part of the philosophy of language since it focuses on the ways that our ideas about the meaning and uses of language affect our theories about how languages work.<br><br>There are several key aspects of the study of pragmatics that have been the source of the debate. For example, some scholars have argued that pragmatics is not a discipline in and of itself because it studies the ways in which people interpret and use language without necessarily using any data about what actually gets said. This type of approach is called far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that this field should be considered a discipline of its own because it studies how cultural and social influences affect the meaning and use of language. This is called near-side pragmatism.<br><br>Other areas of discussion in pragmatics are the ways we think about the nature of the utterance interpretation process as an inferential process, and the importance that primary pragmatic processes play in the analysis of what is said by a speaker in a given sentence. Recanati and Bach discuss these topics in greater in depth. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free enrichment of the pragmatic. These are important pragmatic processes that help shape the overall meaning an utterance.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of how context contributes to the meaning of a language. It studies the way that the human language is utilized in social interactions and the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians.<br><br>Over the years, many different theories of pragmatism were developed. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, concentrate on the communicative intention of a speaker. Relevance Theory, for example is a study of the processes of understanding that take place when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Some approaches to pragmatics have been combined with other disciplines, including philosophy and cognitive science.<br><br>There are also differing views on the borderline of semantics and pragmatics. Certain philosophers, such as Morris, believe that pragmatics and semantics are two distinct subjects. He asserts semantics is concerned with the relationship between signs and objects they may or may not represent, while pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in a context.<br><br>Other philosophers, like Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatics is a subfield of semantics. They differentiate between "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concerns what is said, whereas far-side is focused on the logical implications of a statement. They argue that semantics determines some of the pragmatics of an expression, whereas other pragmatics are determined by the pragmatic processes.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that the same word can mean different things in different contexts, depending on things like indexicality and ambiguity. Discourse structure, beliefs of the speaker and intentions, as well as expectations of the audience can also alter the meaning of a word.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is its cultural specificity. This is because different cultures have their own rules about what is acceptable to say in different situations. For instance, it is acceptable in certain cultures to keep eye contact but it is considered rude in other cultures.<br><br>There are numerous perspectives on pragmatics, and a lot of research is being conducted in this area. Some of the most important areas of research are computational and formal pragmatics as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics; intercultural and cross-linguistic pragmatics; as well as pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.<br><br>How is free Pragmatics similar to explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics is concerned with how meaning is communicated through language in context. It evaluates the way in which the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence interpretation, with less attention paid to grammatical features of the utterance than on what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics is closely related to other areas of linguistics like syntax, semantics and the philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years the area of pragmatics has been developing in various directions such as computational linguistics pragmatics in conversation, [https://pragmatickorea10864.look4blog.com/68693703/15-of-the-best-pinterest-boards-all-time-about-free-slot-pragmatic 슬롯] and theoretical pragmatics. There is a broad range of research in these areas, with a focus on topics such as the role of lexical characteristics, the interaction between discourse and language, and the nature of the concept of meaning.<br><br>In the philosophical discussion of pragmatism one of the main questions is whether it's possible to give a rigorous and systematic account of the interplay between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers have suggested it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is not well-defined, and that they are the identical.<br><br>The debate between these positions is often a back and forth affair, with scholars arguing that certain phenomena fall under the rubric of either pragmatics or [https://natural-bookmark.com/story18083977/10-essentials-about-pragmatic-game-you-didn-t-learn-in-school 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯] semantics. Some scholars say that if a statement carries a literal truth conditional meaning, it is semantics. Others argue that the fact that a statement can be read differently is a sign of pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different approach, arguing that the truth-conditional meaning of an utterance is only one among many ways that the word can be interpreted and that all of these interpretations are valid. This approach is often known as far-side pragmatics.<br><br>Some recent work in pragmatics has sought to integrate both approaches in an effort to comprehend the full range of possibilities for interpretation of a utterance by modeling how a speaker's beliefs and intentions influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine the Gricean game theory model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts listeners will entertain many possible exhausted interpretations of an speech utterance that includes the universal FCI Any, and this is the reason why the exclusiveness implicature is so robust in comparison to other possible implications.

Latest revision as of 04:58, 17 October 2024

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses questions like: What do people mean by the words they use?

It's a philosophy that is focused on the practical and sensible actions. It differs from idealism which is the belief that one should stick to their beliefs regardless of what.

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the ways that people who speak get meaning from and with each with each other. It is typically thought of as a part of the language however it differs from semantics in that pragmatics examines what the user intends to convey, 프라그마틱 카지노 플레이 (blog post from bookmarkja.com) not what the actual meaning is.

As a research area, 프라그마틱 정품인증 pragmatics is relatively young and its research has expanded rapidly over the last few decades. It is primarily an academic area of study within linguistics but it also has an impact on research in other fields, such as speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics, and anthropology.

There are a variety of ways to approach pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this field. One example is the Gricean approach to pragmatics which is focused on the concept of intention and how it interacts with the speaker's knowledge of the listener's understanding. Conceptual and lexical perspectives on pragmatics are also perspectives on the topic. These views have contributed to the diversity of topics that researchers in pragmatics have investigated.

The research in pragmatics has covered a vast variety of topics, including pragmatic understanding in L2 and request production by EFL students, and the role of the theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It can also be applied to social and cultural phenomena, like political discourse, discriminatory language and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers also have employed various methods from experimental to sociocultural.

Figure 9A-C illustrates that the size of the knowledge base on pragmatics is different according to the database utilized. The US and the UK are among the top contributors to pragmatics research, however their positions differ based on the database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is a multidisciplinary field that intersects with other disciplines.

This makes it difficult to classify the top pragmatics authors according to their number of publications alone. It is possible to identify influential authors based on their contributions to the field of pragmatics. Bambini is one example. He has contributed to pragmatics with concepts like politeness and conversational implicititure theories. Other highly influential authors in the field of pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is more concerned with the contexts and users of language as opposed to the study of truth or reference, or grammar. It studies the ways in which one phrase can be understood as meaning various things depending on the context as well as those triggered by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses primarily on the strategies used by listeners to determine whether phrases have a message. It is closely related to the theory of conversative implicature, which was first developed by Paul Grice.

The boundaries between these two disciplines is a matter of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is widely known, it isn't always clear where the lines should be drawn. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the concept of sentence's meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have claimed that this sort of thing should be considered as a pragmatic problem.

Another area of debate is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be treated as part of linguistics along with the study of phonology. Syntax, semantics, etc. Others, however, have suggested that the study of pragmatics is part of the philosophy of language since it focuses on the ways that our ideas about the meaning and uses of language affect our theories about how languages work.

There are several key aspects of the study of pragmatics that have been the source of the debate. For example, some scholars have argued that pragmatics is not a discipline in and of itself because it studies the ways in which people interpret and use language without necessarily using any data about what actually gets said. This type of approach is called far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that this field should be considered a discipline of its own because it studies how cultural and social influences affect the meaning and use of language. This is called near-side pragmatism.

Other areas of discussion in pragmatics are the ways we think about the nature of the utterance interpretation process as an inferential process, and the importance that primary pragmatic processes play in the analysis of what is said by a speaker in a given sentence. Recanati and Bach discuss these topics in greater in depth. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free enrichment of the pragmatic. These are important pragmatic processes that help shape the overall meaning an utterance.

How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of how context contributes to the meaning of a language. It studies the way that the human language is utilized in social interactions and the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians.

Over the years, many different theories of pragmatism were developed. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, concentrate on the communicative intention of a speaker. Relevance Theory, for example is a study of the processes of understanding that take place when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Some approaches to pragmatics have been combined with other disciplines, including philosophy and cognitive science.

There are also differing views on the borderline of semantics and pragmatics. Certain philosophers, such as Morris, believe that pragmatics and semantics are two distinct subjects. He asserts semantics is concerned with the relationship between signs and objects they may or may not represent, while pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in a context.

Other philosophers, like Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatics is a subfield of semantics. They differentiate between "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concerns what is said, whereas far-side is focused on the logical implications of a statement. They argue that semantics determines some of the pragmatics of an expression, whereas other pragmatics are determined by the pragmatic processes.

One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that the same word can mean different things in different contexts, depending on things like indexicality and ambiguity. Discourse structure, beliefs of the speaker and intentions, as well as expectations of the audience can also alter the meaning of a word.

Another aspect of pragmatics is its cultural specificity. This is because different cultures have their own rules about what is acceptable to say in different situations. For instance, it is acceptable in certain cultures to keep eye contact but it is considered rude in other cultures.

There are numerous perspectives on pragmatics, and a lot of research is being conducted in this area. Some of the most important areas of research are computational and formal pragmatics as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics; intercultural and cross-linguistic pragmatics; as well as pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.

How is free Pragmatics similar to explanatory Pragmatics?

The discipline of pragmatics is concerned with how meaning is communicated through language in context. It evaluates the way in which the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence interpretation, with less attention paid to grammatical features of the utterance than on what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics is closely related to other areas of linguistics like syntax, semantics and the philosophy of language.

In recent years the area of pragmatics has been developing in various directions such as computational linguistics pragmatics in conversation, 슬롯 and theoretical pragmatics. There is a broad range of research in these areas, with a focus on topics such as the role of lexical characteristics, the interaction between discourse and language, and the nature of the concept of meaning.

In the philosophical discussion of pragmatism one of the main questions is whether it's possible to give a rigorous and systematic account of the interplay between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers have suggested it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is not well-defined, and that they are the identical.

The debate between these positions is often a back and forth affair, with scholars arguing that certain phenomena fall under the rubric of either pragmatics or 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯 semantics. Some scholars say that if a statement carries a literal truth conditional meaning, it is semantics. Others argue that the fact that a statement can be read differently is a sign of pragmatics.

Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different approach, arguing that the truth-conditional meaning of an utterance is only one among many ways that the word can be interpreted and that all of these interpretations are valid. This approach is often known as far-side pragmatics.

Some recent work in pragmatics has sought to integrate both approaches in an effort to comprehend the full range of possibilities for interpretation of a utterance by modeling how a speaker's beliefs and intentions influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine the Gricean game theory model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts listeners will entertain many possible exhausted interpretations of an speech utterance that includes the universal FCI Any, and this is the reason why the exclusiveness implicature is so robust in comparison to other possible implications.